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French battleship Mirabeau : ウィキペディア英語版
French battleship Mirabeau

''Mirabeau'' was one of the six semi-dreadnought battleships built for the French Navy (''armée navale'') in the first decade of the twentieth century. The ship spent most of World War I blockading the Straits of Otranto and the Dardanelles to prevent German, Austro-Hungarian and Turkish warships from breaking out into the Mediterranean. She did, however, participate in the attempt to ensure Greek acquiescence to Allied operations in Macedonia in late 1916. ''Mirabeau'' briefly participated in the occupation of Constantinople after the end of the war and was deployed in the Black Sea in early 1919 during the Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War. She ran aground in February 1919 off the coast of the Crimea and could not be refloated until some of her guns and armor were removed. After returning to France, the ship was used as an accommodation hulk until she was condemned in 1921. ''Mirabeau'' was later sold for scrap and broken up in 1928.
==Design and description==
Although the s were a significant improvement from the preceding , they were outclassed by the advent of the dreadnought well before they were completed. They were not well liked by the French Navy, although their numerous rapid-firing guns were of some use in the Mediterranean.〔Gardiner & Gray, p. 196〕
''Mirabeau'' was long overall and had a beam of and a full-load draft of . She displaced at deep load and had a crew of 681 officers and enlisted men. The ship was powered by four Parsons steam turbines that used steam generated by twenty-six Belleville boilers. The turbines were rated at and provided a top speed of around .〔 ''Mirabeau'', however, reached a top speed of on her sea trials.〔 She carried a maximum of of coal which allowed her to steam for at a speed of .〔
''Mirabeau''s main battery consisted of four 305mm/45 Modèle 1906 guns mounted in two twin gun turrets, one forward and one aft. The secondary battery consisted of twelve 240mm/50 Modèle 1902 guns in twin turrets, three on each side of the ship. A number of smaller guns were carried for defense against torpedo boats. These included sixteen 65-caliber guns and ten Hotchkiss guns. She was also armed with two submerged torpedo tubes. The ship's waterline armor belt was thick and the main battery was protected by up to of armor. The conning tower also had 300-millimeter thick sides.〔

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